this makes it extremely difficult for them to trust others. Because they fear being reinjured, the best survival tactic is to protect themselves from further harm or intrusion. Doubting their lovability, they believe they do not deserve to be loved. Thus, even when starved for love, they are unable to receive affection, or, fearing abandonment, they cling to others in a suffocating way. In order to defend against further disappointment, they remain fiercely distant, removed, and unfeeling. Some turn